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Compare Paracel Islands (2003) - San Marino (2008)

Compare Paracel Islands (2003) z San Marino (2008)

 Paracel Islands (2003)San Marino (2008)
 Paracel IslandsSan Marino
Administrative divisions - 9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Montegiardino, San Marino Citta, Serravalle
Age structure - 0-14 years: 16.8% (male 2,573/female 2,404)


15-64 years: 66.1% (male 9,388/female 10,178)


65 years and over: 17.1% (male 2,190/female 2,882) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products - wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides
Airports 1 (2002) -
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)		 -
Area total: NA sq km


land: NA sq km


water: 0 sq km		 total: 61.2 sq km


land: 61.2 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative NA about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Background The Paracel Islands are surrounded by productive fishing grounds and by potential oil and gas reserves. In 1932, French Indochina annexed the islands and set up a weather station on Pattle Island; maintenance was continued by its successor, Vietnam. China has occupied the Paracel Islands since 1974, when its troops seized a South Vietnamese garrison occupying the western islands. The islands are claimed by Taiwan and Vietnam. The third smallest state in Europe (after the Holy See and Monaco), San Marino also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition, it was founded by a Christian stonemason named Marino in A.D. 301. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of Italy; social and political trends in the republic also track closely with those of its larger neighbor.
Birth rate - 9.89 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget - revenues: $709.6 million


expenditures: $672.3 million (2004)
Capital - name: San Marino


geographic coordinates: 43 56 N, 12 25 E


time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)


daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Climate tropical Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers
Coastline 518 km 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution - 8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Paracel Islands		 conventional long form: Republic of San Marino


conventional short form: San Marino


local long form: Repubblica di San Marino


local short form: San Marino
Death rate - 8.27 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external - $NA
Diplomatic representation from the US - the US does not have an embassy in San Marino; the ambassador to Italy is accredited to San Marino
Diplomatic representation in the US - San Marino does not have an embassy in the US


honorary consulate(s) general: New York, Washington, DC


honorary consulate(s): Detroit, Honolulu
Disputes - international occupied by China, but claimed by Taiwan and Vietnam none
Economic aid - recipient - $NA
Economy - overview China announced plans in 1997 to open the islands for tourism. The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In 2006 more than 2.1 million tourists visited San Marino. The key industries are banking, clothing and apparel, electronics, and ceramics. Main agricultural products are wine and cheeses. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of the most prosperous regions of Italy, which supplies much of its food.
Elevation extremes lowest point: South China Sea 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Rocky Island 14 m		 lowest point: Torrente Ausa 55 m


highest point: Monte Titano 755 m
Environment - current issues NA NA
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution
Ethnic groups - Sammarinese, Italian
Exchange rates - euros per US dollar - 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003)
Executive branch - chief of state: Co-chiefs of State Captain Regent Mirko TOMASSONI and Captain Regent Alberto SELVA (for the period 1 October 2007-31 March 2008)


head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Fiorenzo STOLFI (since 27 July 2006)


cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term


elections: co-chiefs of state (captains regent) elected by the Great and General Council for a six-month term; election last held in September 2007 (next to be held in March 2008); secretary of state for foreign and political affairs elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term; election last held 27 July 2006 (next to be held by 2011)


election results: Mirko TOMASSONI and Alberto SELVA elected captains regent; percent of legislative vote - NA; Fiorenzo STOLFI elected secretary of state for foreign and political affairs; percent of legislative vote - NA


note: the popularly elected parliament (Grand and General Council) selects two of its members to serve as the Captains Regent (co-chiefs of state) for a six-month period; they preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State), which has 10 other members, all selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are 10 secretaries of state; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has assumed some prime ministerial roles
Exports - $1.291 billion (2004)
Exports - commodities - building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, ceramics
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description - two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - real growth rate - 4.6% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates 16 30 N, 112 00 E 43 46 N, 12 25 E
Geography - note composed of 130 small coral islands and reefs divided into the northeast Amphitrite Group and the western Crescent Group landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennines
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports - $2.035 billion (2004)
Imports - commodities - wide variety of consumer manufactures, food
Independence - 3 September AD 301
Industrial production growth rate - 5.6% (2005 est.)
Industries - tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine
Infant mortality rate - total: 5.53 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 5.96 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 5.07 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - -1.5% (2006)
International organization participation - CE, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ITU, ITUC, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WHO, WIPO
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1998 est.) NA
Judicial branch - Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII
Labor force - 20,470 (2004)
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture: 0.2%


industry: 40.1%


services: 59.7% (2006 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total: 39 km


border countries: Italy 39 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (1998 est.)		 arable land: 16.67%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 83.33% (2005)
Languages - Italian
Legal system - based on civil law system with Italian law influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch - unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale (60 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 4 June 2006 (next to be held by June 2011)


election results: percent of vote by party - PDCS 32.9%, Party of Socialists and Democrats 31.9%, AP 11.9%, United Left 8.7%, New Socialist Party 5.4%, other parties 9.2%; seats by party - PDCS 21, Party of Socialists and Democrats 20, AP 7, United Left 5, New Socialist Party 3, others 4; note - following a government reshuffle on 28 NOvember 2007, a splinter party of the PDCS joined the center-left coalition formed by the Party of Socialists and Democrats, the APDS, and the United Left strengthening the government's parliamentary majority to 36 seats out of 60
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 81.8 years


male: 78.33 years


female: 85.57 years (2007 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 10 and over can read and write


total population: 96%


male: 97%


female: 95%
Location Southeastern Asia, group of small islands and reefs in the South China Sea, about one-third of the way from central Vietnam to the northern Philippines Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy
Map references Southeast Asia Europe
Maritime claims NA none (landlocked)
Military - note occupied by China defense is the responsibility of Italy
Military branches - no regular military forces; Voluntary Military Force (Corpi Militari Voluntar) performs ceremonial duties and limited police functions (2006)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - NA
National holiday - Founding of the Republic, 3 September (AD 301)
Nationality - noun: Sammarinese (singular and plural)


adjective: Sammarinese
Natural hazards typhoons NA
Natural resources none building stone
Net migration rate - 10.57 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders - Communist Refoundation or RC [Ivan FOSHI]; Ideas in Movement or IM [Alessandro ROSSI]; National Alliance or AN [Glauco SANSOVINI]; New Socialist Party [Augusto CASALI]; Party of Socialists and Democrats [Claudio FELICI]; San Marino Christian Democratic Party or PDCS [Pier Marino MENICUCCI]; San Marino Popular Alliance of Democrats or AP [Roberto GIORGETTI]; San Marino Socialist Party or PSS [Alberto CECCHETTI]; Socialists for Reform or SR [Renzo GIARDI]; United Left
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: there are scattered Chinese garrisons (July 2003 est.)		 29,615 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate - 1.219% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors small Chinese port facilities on Woody Island and Duncan Island being expanded -
Radio broadcast stations - AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions - Roman Catholic
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.09 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.922 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female


total population: 0.915 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: adequate connections


domestic: automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system; combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular teledensity exceeds 130 telephones per 100 persons


international: country code - 378; connected to Italian international network
Telephones - main lines in use - 21,000 (2006)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 17,390 (2006)
Television broadcast stations - 1 (San Marino residents also receive broadcasts from Italy) (1997)
Terrain mostly low and flat rugged mountains
Total fertility rate - 1.34 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate - 3.8% (2004)
Waterways none -
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